Probiotics are “good” organisms (bacteria or yeasts) that are beneficial to the human body. Our bodies contain 300 to 500 different strains of bacteria and these make up 95% of the total cells in our body – on a cellular level we are more bacterial than human! A probiotic is a live preparation of one or more beneficial strains of bacteria and/or yeast.

We are born with a delicate balance of bacteria in our intestine – and these bacteria have many jobs including decreasing gut inflammation, producing vitamins and helping their absorption, maintaining the lining of the intestine, and supporting the immune system. If something throws off this balance (like antibiotics) , then these processes are disrupted. Probiotics can help restore the balance. We know that our good bacteria are essential in maintaining digestive health, reducing inflammation and symptoms of IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome).

Recent reports show that probiotics may also regulate our feelings of hunger and satiety, and therefore when disrupted, could lead to obesity. The relationship between probiotics and skin health has become an area of active research. Studies have shown a protective effect of probiotics against acne, rosacea, and skin sensitivity, and that probiotics can help maintain moisture in reactive skin. Even topical applications of probiotics have been shown to reduce UV-induced damage, boost collagen production, and increase skin elasticity.

The most well-known dietary source of probiotics is yogurt – although you should make sure the label says “live and active cultures” because not all yogurts contain probiotics due to their processing. Kefir, another fermented milk product, also is a good source of probiotics. Many people realize that yogurt is a good source of probiotics, but there are other food sources as well including cottage cheese, kimchi, sauerkraut, aged cheese, sour cream and miso are good sources of probiotics.

When looking at supplements, don’t assume that a mixture of strains is better than just one, or that 10 billion is better than 1 billion. When it comes to the research, it is done with a specific strain/strains and dose in mind, and unless that is exactly what is in the supplement, it is hard to know if it will work. As a general rule, when it comes to supplements, I recommend that you discuss with your doctor which supplement will work best for you, given your specific medical conditions and your health goals.